Cold cracking defects were also observed in Fe-C alloys that had an as-built hardness ≥425 HV. These trends were related to an improved wettability, viscosity, and flow of the melt pool as well an increased melt pool depth as the carbon content increased. The formation of porosity was also influenced by the carbon content, where increasing the carbon content reduced lack of fusion porosity, while simultaneously increasing the susceptibility to form keyhole porosity. Analysis of specimen cross-sections revealed that lack of fusion porosity was prominent in specimens produced at low volumetric energy density (VED), while keyhole porosity was prominent in specimens produced at high VED. The present study examines the processability of Fe-C alloys, with carbon contents up to 1.1 wt%, when using laser based powder bed fusion (LB-PBF). Department of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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